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高考英语推断题的解题技巧课件,高考英语推断题
tamoadmin 2024-06-12 人已围观
简介1.2019年上海高考英语试卷答案解析及点评(WORD文字版)2.高考英语阅读理解带答案3.福建高考英语阅读训练题及答案解析?4.高考英语阅读与完型答题技巧?一、英语阅读文体类型简析 高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有:记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。 [1]记叙文。 英语记叙文以描写叙述为主,主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是,其主题往往潜伏在字里行间,没有直接地表白出来;文章主旨要透过体察所揭
1.2019年上海高考英语试卷答案解析及点评(WORD文字版)
2.高考英语阅读理解带答案
3.福建高考英语阅读训练题及答案解析?
4.高考英语阅读与完型答题技巧?
一、英语阅读文体类型简析 高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有:记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。 [1]记叙文。 英语记叙文以描写叙述为主,主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是,其主题往往潜伏在字里行间,没有直接地表白出来;文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法,快速抓住文中描写的主要内容,从整体上去把握文章的连贯性,进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。 [2]议论文。 英语议论文通常为三段式,即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点,然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证,最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此,遇到议论文体时,应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨,弄清作者的观点。一般来说,作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出,接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证,最后为结论。还应注意的是:在对论点论证的过程中,每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。就议论文而言,其论证的常见结构方式有:1,总分式 总---分;分----总;总----分---总;2,并列式 几个论据之间属于平等关系;3,递进式 几个论据之间属于递进关系;4,对照式 把两种事物加以对比,以彰显其中一种。 [3]说明文。 英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份,说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法:1,定义与诠释说明;2,举例与引用说明;3,分类与图表说明;4,比较与比喻说明;5,分析与综合说明;就高考英语说明文的阅读而言,首先要抓住文章说明的要点,也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征;弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明;并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法,理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。 [4]应用文。 英语应用文属于实用型文体,如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解,弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法,力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。 二、英语阅读理解答题技巧 高考阅读理解常见的设题形式有:词义猜测题、主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理题和推断题。题型不同,答题技巧也就有差异。下面就不同题型的答题技巧作一点简分析。 1、词义猜测技巧。 这种题型要求对文章中的划线生词进行词义猜测。这类题型不仅要求具备一定构词法,而且也要求对上下文具有比较全面的理解。做词意猜测时,应注意划线生词后面的定语从句、同位语从句。定语从句、同位语从句通常用来解释生词的词意。另外,还要应注意生词后的标点符号,如逗号、破折号、引号、括号都可用于提示词意。有时,词意隐藏在全文或某一段中,这就需要把握文段的意境来加以透知该词的含义。 2、抓主旨大意的技巧。 一般来说,议论文的主旨大意要么在首段,要么在尾段。文章主旨位于首段时,其后的段落通常是演绎论证的过程;在段尾时,其前的段落通常是在摆事实、讲道理,最后归纳出全文主旨。说明文的主旨也通常位于首段;记叙文的主旨有的位于开首段(如新闻报道、时事经纬等文章的主旨均置于开场白的位置,达到开门见山、直奔主题的效果),但大多数记叙文的主旨隐藏在文章之中,需理清文章脉络,挖掘文章内涵,把握作者意图。 3、推断题型答题技巧。 推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义,即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述,而寓意在文章的字里行间,要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析,推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否,很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。 4、细节题型的答题技巧。 细节题型的解答通常是借助对文中的具体信息的`查寻来解决。答题时要采取略读、扫读、析读和精读的办法从文中找出问题答案。细节题型多问及时间、地点、人物、数量和特征等。 拓展阅读: 一、阅读的方法可以使用以下几种: (1)跳读:就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读,找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。(2)略读:指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读,目的是了解大意,对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。(3)精读:即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法,目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 2、在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点: (1)带着问题阅读短文。(2)找出主题句、确定中心思想。(3)推断单词、句子和文章的含义。(4)尽快选择答案。 二、不同体裁文章的'特点 1、记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键,根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件,抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强,阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件,这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息,对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2、说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍,解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多,主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。(1)数字说明文在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义,从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。(2)解释说明文解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读,将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。(3)比较说明文比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是,在一般情况下,作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。 3、应用文 应用文涉及的范围比较广,包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁,省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息,并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实,客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案,须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解,并据此进行判断和推理)。其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题;主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目,要在平时的练习过程中,结合具体的题目,给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题,要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节,如时间,地点或一些具体数字,在选择答案时,务必从原文中找到确切的依据。
2019年上海高考英语试卷答案解析及点评(WORD文字版)
高考英语阅读理解类型
阅读理解是高考英语试卷中卷面分值最高的,为了方便考生们更好地复习英语,我在这里整理了高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧,希望能对考生们有所帮助!
英语阅读文体类型简析
高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有:记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。
[1]、记叙文。
英语记叙文以描写叙述为主,主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是,其主题往往潜伏在字里行间,没有直接地表白出来;文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法,快速抓住文中描写的主要内容,从整体上去把握文章的连贯性,进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
[2]、议论文。
英语议论文通常为三段式,即?论点、论据、结论?三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点,然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证,最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此,遇到议论文体时,应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨,弄清作者的观点。一般来说,作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出,接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证,最后为结论。还应注意的是:在对论点论证的过程中,每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的.位置是理解议论文的关键。
就议论文而言,其论证的常见结构方式有:
1,总分式 总---分;分----总;总----分---总;
2,并列式 几个论据之间属于平等关系;
3,递进式 几个论据之间属于递进关系;
4,对照式 把两种事物加以对比,以彰显其中一种。
[3]、说明文。
英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份,说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法:
1,定义与诠释说明;
2,举例与引用说明;
3,分类与图表说明;
4,比较与比喻说明;
5,分析与综合说明;
就高考英语说明文的阅读而言,首先要抓住文章说明的要点,也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征;弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明;并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法,理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。
[4]、应用文。
英语应用文属于实用型文体,如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解,弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法,力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。
英语阅读理解答题技巧
高考阅读理解常见的设题形式有:词义猜测题、主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理题和推断题。题型不同,答题技巧也就有差异。下面就不同题型的答题技巧作一点简分析。
1、词义猜测技巧。
这种题型要求对文章中的划线生词进行词义猜测。这类题型不仅要求具备一定构词法,而且也要求对上下文具有比较全面的理解。做词意猜测时,应注意划线生词后面的定语从句、同位语从句。定语从句、同位语从句通常用来解释生词的词意。另外,还要应注意生词后的标点符号,如逗号、破折号、引号、括号都可用于提示词意。有时,词意隐藏在全文或某一段中,这就需要把握文段的意境来加以透知该词的含义。
To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day,over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth?s species will become extinct.
27.The underlined word ?vanish? in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____.
A. remain B. disappear C. become rarer D. get killed
2、抓主旨大意的技巧。
一般来说,议论文的主旨大意要么在首段,要么在尾段。文章主旨位于首段时,其后的段落通常是演绎论证的过程;在段尾时,其前的段落通常是在摆事实、讲道理,最后归纳出全文主旨。说明文的主旨也通常位于首段;记叙文的主旨有的位于开首段(如新闻报道、时事经纬等文章的主旨均置于开场白的位置,达到开门见山、直奔主题的效果),但大多数记叙文的主旨隐藏在文章之中,需理清文章脉络,挖掘文章内涵,把握作者意图。
Zoos divide opinion:there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.
29. According to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _____.
A. are too expensive to run B. put animals in danger
C. do not provide enough food D. keep animals locked up
3、推断题型答题技巧。
推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义,即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述,而寓意在文章的字里行间,要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析,推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否,很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。
To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day,over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth?s species will become extinct.
26. What?s the writer?s attitude towards zoos?
A. He shows no opinion either for or against them.
B. He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.
C. He believes they play an important environmental role.
D. He expresses a desire that more of them be built.
4、细节题型的答题技巧。
细节题型的解答通常是借助对文中的具体信息的查寻来解决。答题时要采取略读、扫读、析读和精读的办法从文中找出问题答案。细节题型多问及时间、地点、人物、数量和特征等。
Some animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because of a lack of food. For example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.
28. According to the passage the world?s tiger population _____.
A. will rise by 5% next year B. is relatively stable
C/ is 95% smaller than in the past D. has fallen to 95%
;高考英语阅读理解带答案
高考上海英语真题及答案和解析(word版)
考生注意:
1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(第1-12页)和第Ⅱ卷(第13页),全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(填空题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷(共103分)
I.ListeningComPhension
SectionA
Directions:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.
1.A.impatientB.confusedC.pleasedD.regretful
答案A
解析原文:
该是答案。
考点定位住宿类,前台交流
2.A.atabusstopB.atalaundryC.atthedentist’sD.atthechemist’s
答案C
解析原文:
M:DoIhavetocomebackforafurthertreatment
W:No.butyouneedtocomeandhaveyourteethcleanedregularly.
Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace
本题的关键词组是haveyourteethcleaned,从而我们知道该场所是在牙医诊所。
考点定位地点类
3.A.AnactorB.AsalesmanC.AtranslatorD.Awriter
答案D
解析原文:
考点定位日常对话类
4.A.Helosthisclassmate’shomework.B.Hecan’thelpthewomanwithhermath.
C.Hebrokethewoman’scalculator.D.Hedoesn’tknowwherethe“on”buttonis.
答案C
解析原文:
W:Couldyoubringmycalculatorback.Ineeditformymathhomework
M:Sorry,Idroppeditandthe“on”buttondorsn’tlightup.
Q:Whatistheman’sproblcm
考点定位学习类
5.A.Thewomanshouldgotoanothercounter.
B.Thewomangivesthemansomanychoices.
C.Themandislikethesandwichesofferedthere.
D.Themanishavingtroubledecidingwhattoeat.
答案D
解析原文:
W:Andy,youhavebeenstandinginfrontofthesandwichcounterforever.
M:Sorry,Ijustwishtheydidn’tgivemesomanychoices.
Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation
及;D表现出男士的选择综合症。
考点定位生活购物类
6.A.Shehasnoideawheretofindtheman’sexamresult.
B.Sheisn’tallowedtotellstudentstheirgrades.
C.Dr.Whitehasn’tfinishgradingthepapers.
D.Dr.Whitedoesn’twanttobecontactedwhilehe’saway.
答案B
解析
M:Ms.Chen,IwaswonderingifyoucouldfindouthowIdidonthemid-termexam.
W:Sorry,DoctorWhiteisoutoftownandI’mnotinapositiontogiveoutshatkindorinformation.
Q:whatdoesthewomanmean
女士首先说出“sorry”,奠定选项的基调。虽然“I”notinapositiontogiveoutthatkindofinformation,我职位不够去提供这样的信息。”对考生理解上来说有点难。但仔细推敲,可以发现那位老师不方便告诉学生信息,她不能告知学生考试成绩的。
考点定位校园学习类;
7.A.MovetoaneatdormitoryB.Findapersontosharetheirapartment
C.CleantheroomwiththeroommateD.Writeanarticleabouttheirroommate
答案B
解析原文:
W:Whatweneedisroommatewhoisneatandclean?
M:Let’swritethatintheadvertisement,neatness--amust。
Q:Whatarethetwospeakersaregoingtodo
开头说whatweneedisroommatewhoisneatandclean,是文章的主题句,需要重点把握。因此此处要听到重点need,roommate和neat三个词,整个题目的内容也就大体明白了,明白他们谈话的目的是找一个干净的室友。后面的Let’swritethatintheadvertisement,neatness--amust,最后的neatness—amust,比较难听,但是只要前面一句听明白了,整个对话的意思也就明白了
考点定位生活类
8.A.Bobwon’ttakeheradvice
B.Bobdoesn’twanttogoabroad
C.Shedoesn’tthinkBobshouldstudyoverseas
D.Shehasn’ttalkedtoBobsincehewentaboard
答案C
解析M:IheardthatBobisplanningtostudyabroad
W:NotifIcantalkhimoutofit,believeme,I’mtrying
Q:whatdoesthewomanimply
题关键是对关键词Not和If从句的把握。
考点定位校园学习类
9.A.Thesnackbarisn’tusuallysoempty.B.Dessertisservedinthesnackbar.
C.Thesnackbarisnearthelibrary.D.Snacksaren’tallowedinthelibrary.
答案A
解析原文:
W:Isthesnackbaralwaysthisdeserted
M:It’stheendofthesemester.Everyoneisinthelibrary.
Q:Whatdoesthemanimply
本题难点在于考生容易混淆听力原文中deserted和dessert,原文中听力的意思是“这个点心店平时就是这么空吗?末提及snackbar中的dessert,而回答是因为考试临近,学生们都去图书馆了。从而隐含的意思是平时人很多
考点定位校园类;
10.A.Takeherbicycletotherepairshop.B.Leaveherbicycleoutside.
C.Cleanthegarageaftertherainstops.D.Checkifthegarageisdry.
答案B
本题难点在于听力原文中whybother,意思是”就算快下大雨了,又有什么问题呢?它经历了很交更坏的但还是可以工作“。所以推测出她并不会管她的自行车。
考点定位校园生活类;
SectionB
Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.
Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
11.A.Ithelpscareforcustomers’dogs.
B.Youhavetobuyfoodfordogs.
C.Noneofthedogsarecaged.
D.ThereisadognamedPrincess.
12.A.Shelikesthefoodthere.
B.Sheenjoysthefunwithapet.
C.Shecanhavefreecoffee.
D.Shedoesn’tliketobealone.
13.A.Anewkindofcafe.
B.Anewbrandofcafe.
C.Anewhomeforpets.
D.Anewwaytoraisepets.
答案
11.C
12.B
13.A
解析
Question11HowistheBauHousedifferentfromtheSnoopyCafe
Question12WhydoesLaureylikegoingtotheSnoopyCafe
Question113Whagisthepassagemainlyabout
录音文本:
Inthecitiesallovertheworld,peoplegotocaféstorelaxaloneorwithfriends.AndtherearemanycafesinKorea.Youcandomorethanthat.Youcanrelaxandplaywithdogsatnewdogcafes.TheSnoopyCaféisoneofthem.Thedogsthereareincagesaroundtheroom.First,youchooseadog.Thenitcomesoutofthecage.Youcanbuyfoodforit.TheBauHouseisdifferentfromtheSnoopyCafé.Youdon’thavetochooseadogattheBauHouse.Allthedogssit,playorrunaroundwhilepeopledrinkcoffeeandeatsandwiches.YoucanplaywithallthedogsattheBauHouse.LaureyChuonggoestotheSnoopyCaféaboutonceaweek.ShelikestoplaywithPrincess,herfavoritedog.SheoftenbuysfoodforPrincess,too.LorilikestogototheSnoopyCaféformanyreasons.“Ilovedogs,”shesays,“butmyapartmentistoosmallforadog.Also,dogsdon’tliketobealoneandIworkallday.”SowhenLaureyneedstohavesomefunwithapet,shegoestothedogcafétoseeprincess.DogcafésareverypopularinKorea.Buttheyarenotcheap.Acupofcoffeecostsabout3dollarsand50cents,butthefunisfree.
11.C录音内容为“TheBauHouseisdifferentfromtheSnoopyCafé.Youdon’thavetochooseadogattheBauHouse.Allthedogssit,playorrunaroundwhilepeopledrinkcoffeeandeatsandwiches.”第一句明确交代了theBauHouse与theSnoopyCafé的不同,考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容,就能选出答案。
12.B录音内容为“SowhenLaureyneedstohavesomefunwithapet,shegoestothedogcafétoseeprincess.”虽然这句的前面有这句话“LorilikestogototheSnoopyCaféformanyreasons.”给考生一点干扰,并且后面还引用了Laurey自己说的两句话。但是最后还是可以明确听出Laurey喜欢去狗狗咖啡厅的原因。
13.A此题解题关键就是能把握全文的大意,全文介绍两种咖啡厅,虽然名字不同,但形式上的共性就是狗狗和人都可以在咖啡厅里一起玩乐,所以本文主要介绍的是一种新型的咖啡厅。并且录音里提到一句话也帮助考生得到这个答案“Youcandomorethanthat.Youcanrelaxandplaywithdogsatnewdogcafes.”。
考点定位对话型
Question14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassages.
14.A.Atrendthathighachieversaregivenalowersalary.
B.Aviewthatlifequalityismoreimportantthanpay.
C.Adreamoftheyoungforfast-pacedjobs.
D.Anewtermcreatedbyhighachievers.
15.A.10%B.12%C.6%D.7%
16.A.Peoplearelesssatisfiedwiththeirlives.
B.Thefinancialinvestmentmayincrease.
C.Well-paidjobsarenoteasytofind.
D.Unexpectedproblemsmayarise.
答案
14.B
15.D
16.D
解析
录音文本
Wearehearingalotthesedaysaboutdownshifting.SowhatisitThetermdownshiftingfirstappearedin1994.Itwascoinedbythetrans-researchinstitutetodescribeanewphilosophybywhichhigherachieversatworkchosealowersalaryinexchangeforabetterqualityoflife.Accordingtoarecentstudy,fouroutoftenpeopleunder35yearsoldareplanningtodownshiftfromstressfuljobstoaslowerpaceoflife.It’snotjustthedreamoftheyoung.It’salsopopularwith35-54yearsold,12%ofwhomaremakingplanstodownshift,6%hopingtohavedonesointhenext2years.Thestudyfoundthat7%ofworkershadalreadydownshifted.DoctorLucyGrant,apsychologistlookingatthephenomenonbelievesthatdownshiftingisadreamthatmoreandmorepeoplewanttoturnintoareality.Peoplearenotsatisfiedwiththeirlivesandtheywanttomakechanges.However,DoctorGrantaddssomepeoplewillhesitatebecausetheydon'tactuallybelievetheycanmakeithappenwhileotherswillrushintodownshiftingtodiscoverthattheirdreamendsupwithfinancialcrisis,soitissomethingthatrequiresalotofthoughtsandplanningtogetright.
14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisdownshifting
答案:B.Aviewthatlifequalityismoreimportantthanpay.
解析:此题是概念推断题。问题是问什么是downshifting?我们听到有这么一句话Itwascoinedbythetrans-researchinstitutetodescribeanewphilosophybywhichhigherachieversatworchosealowersalaryinexchangeforabetterqualityoflife.判断答案选B。注意这一点:文中的philosophy就是答案中的view。
15.Accordingtoarecentstudy,whatisthepercentageofworkerswhohadalreadydownshifted
答案:D.7%
解析:此题是细节题。我们听到这么一句话Thestudyfoundthat7%ofworkershadalreadydownshifted.判断答案选D。干扰项是文中出现的其他意思,12%orwhomaremakingplanstodownshift,6%hopingtohavedonesointhenext2years.我们看出12%是打算,6%是近两年。
16.InLucyGrant’sopinion,whydoesdownshiftingrequirealotofthoughtsandplanning
答案:D.Unexpectedproblemsmayarise
解析:此题是句意推断题。问的是根据这个人的观点,为什么人们在放慢生活节奏的时候要考虑和计划很多事呢?我们听到这么一句话somepeoplewillhesitatebecausetheydon'tactuallybelievetheycanmakeithappenwhileotherswillrushintodownshiftingtodiscoverthattheirdreamendsupwithfinancialcrisis。人们不相信这会发生,而那些在没有准备就去downshift的人们,他们的美梦最终被经济危机所击败,这里的经济危机就是意料不到的问题。所以判断出答案是D选项。
考点定位对话型
SectionC
Directions:InsectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.
Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.
Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANONEWORDforeachanswer.
SRTServiceNotes
AccountNo.:17ServiceRequest:Checkthe18Solutions:Sendanother19(2pmon20)
答案
17.XW94702
18.electricity
19.engineer
20.Wednesday
解析听力文本:
WOMAN:SRTElectricity,canIhelpyou
MAN:Yes,Ihaveaproblemwithmyelectricity.
WOMAN:Sorrytohearthat.Youraccountnumber,please
MAN:It’sXW94702.
WOMAN:Okay.Mm-mm.Ournotessaythatwearrangedforanengineertovisityourhouseyesterday.Didhechecktheelectricity
Man:No,hedidn’t.Fiveminutesafterhearrived,hehadanemergencycallandleft.
WOMAN:I’mverysorry,IcanarrangeforanotherengineertovisityouonWednesday.
MAN:Okay,butIhaveameetingthatmorning.Doyouhaveanexacttimeforhisvisit
WOMAN:Istwoo’clockokayforyou
MAN:Yes,that’sfine.Thankyou.
WOMAN:Noproblem.
17.XW94702客服人员的问题:Youraccountnumber,please很明显地让考生集中注意力于以下男顾客的回答,标志明确,认真听即可捕捉到准确信息。
18.Electricity整个对话几次提到了checktheelectricity这件事。上一次是工程师临时有事,没有完成检修任务。此次打电话的目的出正是如此—说明情况并重新预约下次上门维修的时间。只要捕捉到这个关键词组,填对这个空不是给事。
19.engineer类似上题,文中几次提到了engineer(检修服务的实施和提供者),前一次因故没有完成任务,再次约定时间。此空较容易。
20.Wednesday听力填空中这种时间词很容易在对话中捕捉到,一般前文都会有一些指示词提示同学们注意这里。原文中IcanarrangeforanotherengineertovisityouonWednesday.一句话中包含了两个空的正确答案。如果第一次没有听清,第二次播放录音时注意认真听,很容易就能写出正确答案。
Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.
Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.
InwhatwayaretheseclimbersspecialTheyareall21.
WhydidtheychoosetoconquerMountKilimanjaro22.
WhatdidtheydointimeofdifficultyTheypersevered,23eachother.
HowdidtheyrecordtheiradventureBykeeping24.
答案
21.disabled
22.thehumanspirit
23.inspiring
24.anonlinediary/adiaryonline
;福建高考英语阅读训练题及答案解析?
阅读是一种主动的过程,是由阅读者根据不同的目的加以调节控制的,陶冶人们的情操,提升自我修养。阅读是一种理解、领悟、吸收、鉴赏、评价和探究文章的思维过程。阅读可以改变思想、获取知识,从而可能改变命运。下面为大家带来了高考英语阅读理解带答案,欢迎大家参考阅读!
Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a tops. The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer — Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps.Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball was planned at Mauritius’ Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy the design for the stamps. He accidentally inscribed the words “Post Office” instead of “Post Paid” on the several hundred stamps that he printed.Today there are only twenty-six of these misprinted stamps left fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds and twelve Two Penny Blues. Because of the Two Penny Blue’s rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as $16 800 for it.
1. Over a century ago, Mauritius _______.
A. was an independent country
B. belonged to India
C. was one of the British colonies
D. was a small island in the Pacific Ocean
2. The mistake on the stamps was made _______.
A. in Mauritius
B. at Mauritius Government House
C. in a post office
D. in London
3. Stamp collectors have paid 16 800 for _______.
A. fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds
B. twelve Two Penny Blues
C. one One Penny Orange-Red
D. one Two Penny Blue
答案与解析 本文讲述的是本来不值钱的邮票由于印刷错误却使其价值倍增。
1. C。事实细节题。根据第2段第1句… more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean可知答案为C。
2. A。事实细节题。根据第2段第1句The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius可知答案选A。
3. D。事实细节题。根据文章最后一句Because of the Two Penny Blue’s rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as $16 800 for it 可知答案为D。
拓展:高考英语阅读理解攻略
一、细节题型
提问方式
Wh-特殊问句; From the text…,According to…,True/not true,划线词语、句子,简单计算、排列事件顺序、识图等。
解题方法
抓住提问中的关键字眼,仔细阅读相关细节的材料内容,一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。
注意排除下列干扰项:
(1)扩缩范围
文章为了表达得准确严密,很注意对范围的限定。有的是通过加上相应的词语限制,如涉及到数量时常用many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally等限制。有些干扰项是通过改变或去掉限定词语,甚至是扩大或缩小了语言范围。
(2)偷换概念
命题者设计试题时往往把原文的概念偷换成另一个不同的概念。望文生义是造成错误的主要原因。
(3)正误并存
在一干扰项中,某个句子或词语是正确的,其他分句或词语是错误的或表达不全面,正误并存,命题者借此以假乱真。要排除这类干扰项,只要一个选项局部有误或选项不全面,都属排除的干扰项。
二、主旨大意题型
提问方式
What' s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph?
What is stated in…? The text is cheifly concerned with_______。
解题方法
(1)最常用的方法是仔细研读短文的1、2两句-----即短文的主题句,或辅以阅读各段的第1、2句----即段落中心句。此方法多适用于说明文、议论文。
(2)记叙文等需要通读全文,抓住关键事或论题来归纳意思(常说明一个道理)。
(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此类文章的特点是以列举事实开头,通过论证,最后阐述核心观点。
在处理文章标题的`选择时,要避免下列三种错误:
①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体,从而导致范围太小);②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围);③以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。
三、推理判断题型
提问方式
The story suggests that___________. It can be inferred that_____________.
The story implies that _____________. It can be concluded that __________.
We can learn that _______________.
解题方法
推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。学生不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思,更重要的是要知道文章的潜在涵义。
注意点
(1)那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选,要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。
(2)推理不是凭空猜测,而是立足已知推断未知;作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。
(3)不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法;不要脱离原文主观臆断。
四、词义猜测题
①利用构词法猜词;
②利用语境及逻辑关系猜词。有时完全可以利用上下文语境和前后句之间的并列、因果、转折、对比、解释定义和举例等关系来猜测词义。同时特别留心某些词语,例如:or, that is, in other words, including, although, but, or, even if, on the other hand, on the contrary, other than, rather than, more than, instead of等词语之后的内容。
高考英语阅读与完型答题技巧?
想要提高福建高考英语阅读得分,就要在平时坚持阅读的训练。下面我为大家带来福建高考英语阅读训练题解析,欢迎考生阅读训练。
福建高考英语阅读训练题***一***
Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route—through the boot***行李箱***.
Mr. Johnson’s car had finished up in a ditch***沟渠*** at Romney Marsin, Kent after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. “Fortunately, the water began to e in only slowly,” Mr. Johnson said. “I couldn’t force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would e flooding in.”
Mr. Johnson, a sweet sale *** an of Sitting Home, Kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.
Later he said, “It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came.”
It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by. “It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave, but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”
His hands and arms cut and bruised***擦伤***, Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmer’s wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket, he said, “That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.
1. What is the best title for this newspaper article?
A. The Story of Mr. Johnson, A Sweet Sale *** an
B. Car Boot Can Serve As The Best Escape Route
C. Driver Escapes Through Car Boot
D. The Driver Survived A Terrible Car Accident
2. Which of the following objects is the most important to Mr. Johnson?
A. The hammer. B. The coin.
C. The screw. D. The horn.
3. Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. Mr. Johnson’s car stood on its boot as it fell down.
B. Mr. Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam.
C. Mr. Johnson’s car accident was partly due to the slippery road.
D. Mr. Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat.
4. “Finally it gave” ***Paragraph 5*** means that _______.
A. Luckily the door was torn away in the end
B. At last the wrench went broken
C. The lock came open after all his efforts
D. The chance was lost at the last minute
5. It may be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. the ditch was along a quiet country road
B. the accident happened on a clear warm day
C. the police helped Mr. Johnson get out of the ditch
D. Mr. Johnson had a tender wife and was well attended
福建高考英语阅读训练题答案
1. C。主旨题。根据第1段 Mr. Peter Johnson…escape from his trapped car…through the boot 可归纳出文章的标题为答案C。
2. B。细节题。根据第4段 Mr. Johnson 所说的话及他后面所做的事情可推知此题答案为B。
3. C。细节题。根据第2段第一句…skidding on ice and hitting a bank 可推知答案为C。
4. C。词句理解题。根据其上文 …work on the boot lock 及下文 but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in 可推知此题答案为C。
5. A。推断题。根据第4段最后一句 but no help came 及最后一段的第一句 Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby 可推知地点是在寂静的农村,此题答案为A。
福建高考英语阅读训练题***二***
We spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers. With the car full of flowers we were going home. On our way back my wife noticed a cupboard ***柜厨*** outside a furniture shop. It was tall and narrow. “Buy it, ” my wife said at once. “We’ll carry it home on the roof rack. I’ve always wanted one like that.”
What could I do? Ten minutes later I was £20 poorer; and the cupboard was tied on the roof rack. It was six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy too.
In the gathering darkness I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed unusually polite that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea.
After a time my wife said, “There’s a long line of cars behind. Why don’t they overtake, I wonder?” In fact a police car did overtake. The two officers inside looked at us seriously as they passed. But then, with great kindness, they led us through the rush-hour traffic. The police car stopped at our village church. One of the officers came to me.
“Right, sir, ” he said. “Do you need any more help?”
I was a bit puzzled. “Thanks, officer, ” I said. “You have been very kind. I live just on the road.”
He was staring at our car, first at the flowers, then at the cupboard. “Well, well, ” he said, laughing. “It’s a cupboard you’ve got there! We thought it was something else.”
My wife began to laugh. The truth hit me like a stone between the eyes. I *** iled at the officer. “Yes, it’s a cupboard, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could.
1. In fact the hu *** and _______ the cupboard.
A. would like very much to buy B. badly wanted
C. was glad to have bought D. would rather not buy
2. Other drivers thought they were _______.
A. carrying a cupboard to the church
B. sending flowers to the church
C. carrying nothing but a piece of furniture
D. going to attend a funeral***葬礼*** at the church
3. The police will be more polite to those who are _______.
A. driving in gathering darkness B. in great sorrow ***悲痛***
C. driving with wild glowers in the car D. carrying furniture
4. What did the hu *** and think of this matter?
A. It was very strange. B. He felt ashamed of it.
C. He took great pride in it. D. He was puzzled at it.
福建高考英语阅读训练题答案
1. D。推断题。根据文章第2段作者对买柜子的想法:要花钱、又长又笨重,从而推断出作者心里不愿意,由此可知答案为D。
2. D。推断题。根据第4段倒数第2句:警察的车停在教堂及第7段警察看车的情形:花草又看柜子,说:我们以为是别的什么东西。可推断出此题答案为D。
3. B。推断题。根据文章中对警察关心作者的描述及警察对作者车上东西的看法可推断出警察以为作者去参加葬礼,所以对作者特别关心,由此可知答案为B。
4. B。推断题。根据文章最后一段的描述:好像一块石头击中了我的眉心,于是我尽快地把车开回家,可看出作者对此很羞愧,从而推断出此题答案为B。
英语阅读答题技巧点拨:
1、事实细节题:
细节题是测试学生获取信息及对文章提供的信息的理解能力,但文章的细节并不是孤立的,它们是服务于中心思想并且是相互联系的。
做这类题要求找出事实与特定细节,但题干和选项的表达一般都不采用语篇中的原话,而使用同义的词语。有时选项会原封不动地取自文章语句的某一部分,但可能由于语境不同或因其修饰词不同而产生不同涵义,致使考生理解错误。细节题的提问顺序一般和文章的结构一致,文章中先出现的先提问,后出现的后提问,掌握这一原则,考生能迅速在文章中找到答案。对此类题型,考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索,运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找和这一细节相关的信息,找到“信息源”后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍,仔细比较所给选项与文中细节一点一滴的区别,在准确理解细节的前提下,最后确定最佳答案。
多数读图题也是属于细节题,从广告类文章中获取信息也属于对细节的考查。解细节题时,应先弄懂题目,然后在相关的信息处寻找选择或排除的依据,在确信理解的基础上最终确定答案。
2、推理判断题:
推理判断题是检查考生是否能根据已知的信息,从字里行间了解文章深层的含义,它不但要求考生对文章阐述的事实或细节按照逻辑发展的规律进行分析概括,并以此作为依据得出合乎逻辑的判断,还需要考生以已知的事实为依据进行合理的推理,考生只有仔细阅读文章并琢磨言外之意,注意用词造句的特点及上下文的内在联系和逻辑关系,挖掘隐含意思,才能作出正确的推理。我们应切记:合理的判断必须严格建立在语篇所给的信息上,不能单凭常识或主观臆想去决定答案,推理判断题也不能直接在文章中找出现成的答案。
推理判断题一般有以下几种类型,可分别采用下列方法。
1). 数据推断题
解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推算,从而得出正确的结论。
2). 知识推断题
知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节,运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲,从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都是针对细节。解答此类题,不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识,而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。
3). 逻辑结论推断题
逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理,从而得出合乎逻辑的结论,而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题意的要求进行推断。
4). 对作者态度、倾向的推断题
作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定,对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此,在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞(diction)。
3、主旨大意题:
主旨大意题是用来测试考生是否理解整篇文章的主题和大意,是否具有把握中心思想的能力,能否分辨出主题和细节来。
在解主旨大意题时,可采用下列方法:
(1)认真阅读文章的第一段或每一段的第一个句子;
(2)表达主题的句子往往具有较高的概括性;
(3)文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述;
(4)下列文字后要述说的往往是文章或段落的主题。
做这类题目时,要站在整篇文章的高度分析问题,注意不要犯以偏概全,以点代面的错误。文章的标题是段落中心思想的最精练的表达形式。它的特点是:短小精炼,涵盖性强,一般要求能覆盖全文,其确定的范围要恰当,既不能太大,也不能太小