2015高考状语从句_高考状语从句专项训练

1.结果状语从句

2.英语有哪几类从句？详细点

3.条件状语从句

4.方式状语举例

5.英语从句类型总结

高考英语语法：比较状语从句的用法说明

　比较状语从句主要的有than和as…as。如：

1. 用than引导

It’s easier than I thought. 这比我想像的要容易。

She sings worse than she did before. 她比过去唱得糟。

She speaks better English than I do. 她的英语说得比我好。

It is raining worse than it did yesterday. 今天雨下得比昨天更大了。

The weather was worse than I had expected. 天气比我预料的坏(糟)。

I can throw the ball farther than you can. 我可以把球扔得比你更远。

She is now happier than she has ever been. 她现在比过去任何时候更快活。

2. 用as…as引导

They are as often wrong as they are right. 他们错对各半。

He was almost as well off as myself. 他几乎像我一样富裕。

She doesn’t work as hard as me (as I do). 她不像我那样用功。

He was as peevish as an old woman. 他像老太婆那样爱发牢骚。

French is as familiar to him as English. 他对法语就像英语一样熟悉。

You know as much about that as I do. 这一点你知道得和我一样多。

I haven’t done as much as I should have liked. 我没有干得我希望的那么多

结果状语从句

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　Passage 1　(2015?新课标全国Ⅰ)

　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　Yangshuo，China

　It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.

　I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

　Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

　语篇导读

　桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。

　1.解析：考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。

　答案　arrived

　2.解析：考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。

　答案　before/earlier

　3.解析：考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。

　答案　its

　4.解析：考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/ which。

　答案　that/ which

　5.解析：考查名词的复数。?so many+复数名词?为一常用短语。

　答案　paintings

　6.解析：考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。?by+交通工具名词?为一固定短语。

　答案　by

　7.解析：考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。

　答案　is

　8.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study与conduct之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by...意为?由?所做的?。

　答案　conducted

　9.解析：考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。

　答案　regularly

　10.解析：考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。

　答案　living

　Passage 2　(2015?新课标全国Ⅱ)

　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to ?air condition?a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day：__7__ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

　语篇导读

　相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的 建筑师 却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。

　1.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。

　答案　built

　2.解析：考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。

　答案　the

　3.解析：考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式。

　答案　ability

　4.解析：考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。

　答案　using

　5.解析：考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。

　答案　slowly

　6.解析：考查固定句式的用法。?形容词+enough+动词不定式?为一常用句式。

　答案　to cool

　7.解析：考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为?同时?，是一个常用介词短语。

　答案　at

　8.解析：考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。

　答案　goes

　9.解析：考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。

　答案　natural

　10.解析：考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。

　答案　how

　Passage 3　(2015?福建)

　阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。

　Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When this (1)h_____， the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here (2)_____ my tips for you.

　The (3)f_____ thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.

　Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4)_____ another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework.If you say, ?Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) _____ are you going to do about it?， the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.It's much more (6)_____ (有帮助)to say something like, ?I think we had (7)b_____ have another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.?

　My second piece of (8)a_____ is simple.If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9)_____ (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10)_____ the future if you do that.

　答案：

　1.happens　2.are　3.first　4.with　5.What　6.helpful/beneficial　7.better　8.advice　9.apology　10.in

　Passage 4　(2015?湖南)

　Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.

　Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, __1__ you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to __2__ library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet __3__ print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you __4__ always rely just on the Internet for your research.

　While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become __5__ complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed __6__ the amount of information. You need to learn __7__ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, __8__need to check the accuracy of it.

　语篇导读

　随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。一方面，我们不必像以往一样在书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便;另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。

　1.解析：考查状语从句。根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。

　答案　if

　2.解析：考查冠词。go to the library去图书馆;in the library 在图书馆。

　答案　the

　3.解析：考查连词。and 连接并列谓语find和print。

　答案　and

　4.解析：考查情态动词。根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。

　答案　shouldn't

　5.解析：考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句more complex。

　答案　more

　6.解析：考查介词。be overwhelmed with 面临，陷入。

　答案　with

　7.解析：考查疑问词。根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。how to do 是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。

　答案　how

　8.解析：考查代词。参见上文You need to learn how to sort throug...

　答案　you

英语有哪几类从句？详细点

结果状语从句常由so… that或such…that引导。结构是：such+a/an+形容词+名=so+形容词+a/an+名。such 修饰名词或名词词组，so 只能修饰形容词或副词。,so和 such

结果状语从句其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。

such+a/an+形容词+名=so+形容词+a/an+名

so foolish

such a fool

so nice a flower

such a nice flower

so many / few flowers

such nice flowers

so much / little money

such rapid progress

so many people

such a lot of people

（ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）

so…that与 such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。

例句：

The boy is so young that he can't go to school.

He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.

用法编辑

结果状语从句的从句部分是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，通常位于主句之后。结果从句中通常不用情态助动词，但must,can,could除外。such用在（形容词）名词之前；而so要用在形容词/副词之前，so或that有时会省略掉。以下逐一介绍高考中常见的引导结果状语从句的词：

1. so that可以引导目的状语从句， 也可以引导结果状语从句。

例如：

He worried so that he couldn’t sleep.

他急得睡不着。(so that引导结果状语从句)

It was very cold, so that the river froze.

天气寒冷， 河水都结冰了。(so that引导结果状语从句)

I came to the class early so that I could see the clas *** ate beside me.

我赶早来上课， 以便早点看到我旁边的同学。(so that引导目的状语从句)

so+形容词+that

Some people were so moved by the sight that they began to cry.

一些人对此情景如此感动，以致开始哭了出来。

The wind was so strong that he could hardly move forward.

风刮得如此猛烈，以致他几乎是寸步难行。

so+副词+that

The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.

球重重地打在了他身上，使他几乎落到水里去。

so+形容词+a+单数名词+that

It was so hot a day that they wanted to go swimming.

天那么热，他们想去游泳。

so+many/few（+复数名词）+that

There are so many picture-story books that the boy won't leave.

有那么多连环画书，小孩都不想离开了。

so+much/little+单数不可数名词）+that

There is so much contradictory advice about exercising that you bee confused.

对于锻炼有那么多互相矛盾的意见，以致都把你给弄糊涂了。

He gave me so little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.

他给我的时间如此少，要我按时完成任务是不可能的。 [1]?

2. 表示“如此……以致……”的“...”和“such... that...”均可引导结果状语从句， 其中的such 是形容词， 修饰名词； so 是副词， 修饰形容词或副词， 具体的搭配形式是：

(1)“so+adj./adv.+that”， “so+adj.(+a/an)+n.+that”；

(2)“such(+a/an)(+adj.)+n.+that”。

例如：

He speaks so fast that no one can catch him.

他说话太快， 无人听得明白。

There is so rapid an increase in population that a food shortage is caused.

人口增长如此迅速， 以致造成了粮食短缺。

Our country has so much coal that she can export large quantities.

我们国家的煤炭非常丰富， 可以大量出口。

(so与表示数量的代词many， few， much， little等连用已经形成固定搭配， 这些场合下不能换用such的对应结构表示)

The shop sells such expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it.

这家商店出售的货物价格昂贵， 以致我在里面不想购买任何东西。

He’s such a good person that we mustn’t blame him.

他是这样好的人， 我们不能怪他。

They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect.

他们是非常好的老师， 我们对他们极为尊敬。

It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach.

天气如此之好， 我想去海滩。

如果结果状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同， 可用so (adj./adv.) as to取代该结果状语从句， 注意体会以下例句：

The weather was bad, so as to make a good photo hard to take.

天气恶劣， 以致难以拍出来好照片。

He was so kind as to phone for a taxi for the patient.

他是如此热心， 以至于他为病人打电话叫了出租车。

How could you be so stupid as to believe him?

你怎么这么笨， 竟相信了他的话？

在结果状语从句主从句主语一致的情况下，可省去从句主语，从句谓语变非谓语。这时，前面的so ...就要换一个形式来陈述。so是中性程度副词，如果从句是肯定句，那么so就要换为enough。如果从句是否定句，那么so就要换成too。要注意的是：enough只能在所修饰词的后面。例：

He is so old that he can go to school alone.省略式为：He is old enough to go to school alone.

条件状语从句

英语有哪几类从句？详细点

精——锐1. 名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）

2. 定语从句

3. 状语从句（包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。

1）主语从句用作主语，如：

That the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的是真实的。

2）宾语从句用作宾语。如：

Do you know where he lives?

3）表语从句用作表语，如：

My opinion is that you should not go alone. 我的意见是你不应单独前往。

4）同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如：

The fact that the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的的事实是真实的。（that从句用于解释说明the fact）

5）定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如：

The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John.

6）状语从句相当于一个副词，如：

When it rains, I usually go to school by bus. 天下雨时，我通常坐公共汽车上学。（时间状语）

If he es tomorrow, you will see him. 如果他明天来，你就可以看见他。（if 引导的条件状语从句，其结构为：if +状语从句，＋主句）。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”，即主句是将来时，则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。

He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.他回家后得知女儿刚刚订婚了。（结果状语，结果状语只是仅限于learn（得知），find（发现），see，hear，to be told（被告知），make（使得）等具有界限含义的动词。）

You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须大声说话，才能让所有人听到你说话。（目的状语，可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。）

Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 天气那么糟，旅行推迟了。 （原因状语从句，常用 because, since, as, for fear (恐怕), seeing that (既然) ，now that (=since), considering that (考虑到) 等引导。）

Though/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。（让步状语从句，引导的连词主要有以下这些：though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever.)

Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。（地点状语从句，通常由where, wherever 引导。）

As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。（方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。）

主句和从句的划分方法是相同的。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语，后面常接宾语，修饰谓语动词的是状语，修饰主语、宾语的是定语，若谓语是系动词，则系动词后的部分是表语。如：

I am a teacher. 其中，I 是主语，am是谓语，a teacher 是表语。

He likes playing football very much. 其中，he是主语，likes是谓语，playing football是宾语，very much是状语。

英语从句都有哪几类？

1. 名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）

2. 定语从句

3. 状语从句（包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。

1）主语从句用作主语，如：

That the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的是真实的。

2）宾语从句用作宾语。如：

Do you know where he lives?

3）表语从句用作表语，如：

My opinion is that you should not go alone. 我的意见是你不应单独前往。

4）同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如：

The fact that the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的的事实是真实的。（that从句用于解释说明the fact）

5）定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如：

The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John.

6）状语从句相当于一个副词，如：

When it rains, I usually go to school by bus. 天下雨时，我通常坐公共汽车上学。（时间状语）

英语中,从句都有哪几类?

我不知道自己说的是否完全,但愿能够帮您,有宾语从句 定语从句 状语从句 同谓语从句.

高中英语从句分哪几类

主要有3类

一：定语从句，分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

二：名词性从句：分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句。

三：状语从句：分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句以及比较状语从句。对于这类从句，你只要知道连线词的意思，带到原句当中就行了。

C语言的错误有哪几类？详细点

C语言常见错误小结

C语言的最大特点是：功能强、使用方便灵活。C编译的程式对语法检查并不象其它高阶语言那么严格，这就给程式设计人员留下“灵活的余地”，但还是由于这个灵活给程式的除错带来了许多不便，尤其对初学C语言的人来说，经常会出一些连自己都不知道错在哪里的错误。看着有错的程式，不知该如何改起，本人通过对C的学习，积累了一些C程式设计时常犯的错误，写给各位学员以供参考。

1.书写识别符号时，忽略了大小写字母的区别。main(){ int a=5;

printf("%d",A);}编译程式把a和A认为是两个不同的变数名，而显示出错资讯。C认为大写母

和小写字母是两个不同的字元。习惯上，符号常量名用大写，变数名用小写表示，以增加可读性。

2.忽略了变数的型别，进行了不合法的运算。main(){float a,b; printf("%d",a%b);}%是求余运算，得到a/b的整余数。整型变数a和b可以进行求余运算，而实型变数则不允许进行“求余”运算。

3.将字元常量与字串常量混淆。char c;c="a";在这里就混淆了字元常量与字串常量，字元常量是由一对单引号括起来的单个字元，字串常量是一对双引号括起来的字元序列。C规定以“\”作字串结束标志，它是由系统自动加上的，所以字串“a”实际上包含两个字元：‘a'和‘\'，而把它赋给一个字元变数是不行的。

4.忽略了“=”与“==”的区别。在许多高阶语言中，用“=”符号作为关系运算符“等于”。如在BASIC程式中

可以写if (a=3) then …但C语言中，“=”是赋值运算子，“==”是关系运算符。如：if (a==3) a=b;前者是进行比较，a是否和3相等，后者表示如果a和3相等，把b值赋给a。由于习惯问题，初学者往往会犯这样的错误。

5.忘记加分号。分号是C语句中不可缺少的一部分，语句末尾必须有分号。a=1b=2编译时，编译程式在“a=1”后面没发现分号，就把下一行“b=2”也作为上一行语句的一部分，这就会出现语法错误。改错时，有时在被指出有错的一行中未发现错误，就需要看一下上一行是否漏掉了分号。{ z=x+y;t=z/100;printf("%f",t);}对于复合语句来说，最后一个语句中最后的分号不能忽略不写(这是和PASCAL不同的)。

6.多加分号。对于一个复合语句，如：{ z=x+y;t=z/100;printf("%f",t);};复合语句的花括号后不应再加分号，否则将会画蛇添足。又如：if (a%3==0);I++;本是如果3整除a，则I加1。但由于if (a%3==0)后多加了分号，则if语句到此结束，程式将执行I++语句，不论3是否整除a，I都将自动加1。再如：for (I=0;I<5;I++);{scanf("%d",&x);printf("%d",x);}本意是先后输入5个数，每输入一个数后再将它输出。由于for()后多加了一个分号，使回圈体变为空语句，此时只能输入一个数并输出它。

7.输入变数时忘记加地址运算子“&”。int a,b;scanf("%d%d",a,b);

这是不合法的。Scanf函式的作用是：按照a、b在记忆体的地址将a、b的值存进去。“&a”指a在记忆体中的地址。

8.输入资料的方式与要求不符。①scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);输入时，不能用逗号作两个资料间的分隔符，如下面输入不合法：3，4?输入资料时，在两个资料之间以一个或多个空格间隔，也可用回车键，跳格键tab。②scanf("%d,%d",&a,&b);C规定：如果在“格式控制”字串中除了格式说明以外还有其它字元，则在输入资料时应输入与这些字元相同的字元。下面输入是合法的：3，4?此时不用逗号而用空格或其它字元是不对的。3 4? 3：4?又如：scanf("a=%d,b=%d",&a,&b);输入应如以下形式：a=3,b=4?

9.输入字元的格式与要求不一致。在用“%c”格式输入字元时，“空格字元”和“转义字元”都作为有效字元输入。scanf("%c%c%c",&c1,&c2,&c3);如输入a b c?字元“a”送给c1，字元“ ”送给c2，字元“b”送给c3，因为%c只要求读入一个字元，后面不需要用空格作为两个字元的间隔。

10.输入输出的资料型别与所用格式说明符不一致。例如，a已定义为整型，b定义为实型a=3;b=4.5;printf("%f%d\n",a,b);编译时不给出出错资讯，但执行结果将与原意不符。这种错误尤其需要注意。

11.输入资料时，企图规定精度。scanf("%7.2f",&a);这样做是不合法的，输入资料时不能规定精度。

12.switch语句中漏写break语句。例如：根据考试成绩的等级打印出百分制数段。switch(grade){ case 'A':printf("85~100\n");case 'B':printf("70~84\n");case 'C':printf("60~69\n");case 'D':printf("<60\n");default:printf("error\n");由于漏写了break语句，case只起标号的作用，而不起判断作用。因此，当grade值为A时，printf函式在执行完第一个语句后接着执行第二、三、四、五个printf函式语句。正确写法应在每个分支后再加上“break;”。例如case 'A':printf("85~100\n");break;

13.忽视了while和do-while语句在细节上的区别。(1)main(){int a=0,I;scanf("%d",&I);while(I<=10){a=a+I;I++;}printf("%d",a);}(2)main(){int a=0,I;scanf("%d",&I);do{a=a+I;I++;}while(I<=10);printf("%d",a);}可以看到，当输入I的值小于或等于10时，二者得到的结果相同。而当I>10时，二者结果就不同了。因为while回圈是先判断后执行，而do-while回圈是先执行后判断。对于大于10的数while回圈一次也不执行回圈体，而do-while语句则要执行一次回圈体。

14.定义阵列时误用变数。int n;

scanf("%d",&n);int a[n];阵列名后用方括号括起来的是常量表达式，可以包括常量和符号常量。即C不允许对阵列的大小作动态定义。

15.在定义阵列时，将定义的“元素个数”误认为是可使的最大下标值。main(){static int a[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};printf("%d",a[10]);}C语言规定：定义时用a[10]，表示a阵列有10个元素。其下标值由0开始，所以阵列元素a[10]是不存在的。

16.初始化阵列时，未使用静态储存。int a[3]={0,1,2};这样初始化阵列是不对的。C语言规定只有静态储存(static)阵列和外部储存(exterm)阵列才能初始化。应改为：static int a[3]={0,1,2};17.在不应加地址运算子&的位置加了地址运算子。

scanf("%s",&str);C语言编译系统对阵列名的处理是：阵列名代表该阵列的起始地址，且scanf函式中的输入项是字元阵列名，不必要再加地址符&。应改为：scanf("%s",str);18.同时定义了形参和函式中的区域性变数。int max(x,y)int x,y,z;{z=x>y?x:y;return(z);}形参应该在函式体外定义，而区域性变数应该在函式体内定义。应改为：int max(x,y)int x,y;{int z;z=x>y?x:y;return(z);}

英语的各类从句有哪些

从句就三大类：定语从句，名词性从句，和状语从句

这也是高考常考的三大类

其中定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（标志是,which居多）

名词性从句分为主语从句

What i said is important

宾语从句

You should remember what I said

表语从句

That is what he said

同位语从句

The news that he won made us surprised

疫苗有哪几类？详细！

疫苗分为两类。

第一类疫苗，是指 *** 免费向公民提供，公民应当依照 *** 的规定受种的疫苗，包括国家免疫规划确定的疫苗，省、自治区、直辖市人民 *** 在执行国家免疫规划时增加的疫苗，以及县级以上人民 *** 或者其卫生主管部门组织的应急接种或者群体性预防接种所使用的疫苗，目前使用的第一类疫苗有8种：乙肝疫苗、卡介苗、脊灰糖丸、吸附百白破联合疫苗、麻疹疫苗、A群流行性脑膜炎多糖疫苗、普通乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗、吸附白破联合疫苗；第二类疫苗，是指由公民自费并且自愿受种的其他疫苗。

第二类疫苗，是指由公民自费并且自愿受种的其他疫苗

英语从句有哪些分类？可以详细介绍吗？ 英语从句有三大类：定语从句，名词性从句和状语从句。

定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语 从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词片语， 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由片语引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

英语怎样变宾语从句？介绍的详细点

1.把陈述句变为宾语从句用that引导，that常可省略

They hope. She can help them.(变为含有宾语从句的复合句)

They hope that she can help them.=They hope she can help them.

2、一般疑问句作宾语从句时用if（是否）或whether引导

I don't know. Have they made a plan? (变为含有宾语从句的复合句)

I don't know if/whether they have made a plan.

注意1：宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序

3、特殊疑问句作宾语从句时用疑问词来引导，此时疑问词变为了连线代词如：what, which, who, whose和连线副词how, when, where, why等。语序要还原为陈述句语序

①Jack asked. What was John doing at that time? (变为含有宾语从句的复合句)

Jack asked what John was doing at that time?

有时特殊疑问句的语序本身就是陈述的，则不必还原

②Mary asked. What was the matter with the radio? (变为含有宾语从句的复合句)

Mary asked what was the matter with the radio. （What 是主语）

4、感叹句作宾语从句时用感叹词what和how引导, 语序不变

I said .How big the room is! (变为含有宾语从句的复合句)

I said how big the room was.=I said what a big room it was.

注意2：宾语从句的时态通常和主句的时态一致。主句的主语是一般过去时，从句用过去时的某种时态，即：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、或过去完成时。主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句可以是各种时态

但是当从句是不随时间改变的客观真理时仍用一般现在时

The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

语法小知识：主语从句有哪几类

主语从句就是：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句（subject clause）。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词（that）、疑问代词(what)、疑问副词(how)、连线代词(whatever)、连线副词(wherever)等。

方式状语举例

条件状语从句最主要就是记住主句是将来时，从句是现在式；如果使用过去式，主句和从句则都用过去式；还有一种是虚拟语气，从句的动词使用助动词和be动词的过去式．

引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：

If you ask him，he will help you．如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。

If you fail in the exam，you will let him down．如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。

If you have finished the homework， you can go home．如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。

另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：

If I were you，I would invite him to the party．如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。

I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic．要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。 那么，除了if之外，是否还有其他连词可以引导条件状语从句呢？回答是肯定的。不仅有，还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率小，且用法较复杂一些，所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。下面就这些词的用法做一介绍。

1．unless conj．除非；若不；如果不……；除非在……时候

You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier．如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。

Unless bad weather stops me，I go for a walk every morning．除非天气不好，我每天早晨都要去散步。

I won't loan you unless you are in extreme need of money．若不是你急需用钱，我不会借钱给你的。

2．on condition that．．．只有在……条件下，以……为条件

on condition引导的条件从句是主句中事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。

I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret．我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保守秘密。

You can pass the custom on condition that we have checked your luggage．你可以通过海关，但条件是我们得检查完你的行李。

3．supposing conj．假若，倘若

supposing 引导的从句表示一种假设条件。

Supposing it rains，shall we continue the sports meeting？倘若下雨，我们的运动会还会继续进行吗？

Supposing the stocks of food run out，what shall we do？假若储备的食品都吃光了，我们怎么办呢？

4．given conj．倘若；假使

"given ＋that从句"表示一种假设条件。

Given that she was really involved in the case，it was hard for her to clear herself?ofacharge．倘若她真的卷入那个案子，她很难证明自己无所控之罪行。

Given that she was really interested in children， teaching was a proper career for her．倘若她真的对孩子感兴趣，教师这一职业对她来说很合适。

5．provided conj．假若

"provided ＋（that）从句"表示一种假设条件。

He will sign the contact provided we offer more favorable terms．如果我们提出更优惠的条件，他就会在合同上签字。

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设，愿望，建议，怀疑，猜测或不大可能实现的空想。

I.虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中

虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中，通常从句由连词if 引导。

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句

条件状语从句 主句

If +主语 +动词过去式 主语+ would, should, could, might+原形动词

(be的过去式用were)

例如：

If I feared death, I wouldn’t be a communist.

（刘胡兰）怕死就不做***员。

If there were no air, we couldn’t live.

如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。

Example:

I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.

A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know

I _____ it to him if I thought he would understand.

A. shall explain B. will explain C. would explain D. explain

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句

构成

条件状语从句 主句

If + 主语 + 动词过去完成式 主语 + would, should, could, might+have + 过去分词

例如：

If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.

如果你早来几分钟，你就会碰上他。

If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.

如果试管中没有空气，实验结果就会更精确。

Example:

If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night, _______.

A. you would meet John already

B. you won’t have missed John

C. you will have met John

D. you would have met John

3.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句

构成

条件状语从句 主句

If + 主语+ should +原形动词 主语+would,should,could,might或were+不定式+原形动词

例如：

If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.

假如他明天会来，事情就容易办了。

If the sand should be broken up, it would give out much energy.

如果沙子能被分解，它会释放出大量的能量。

注：在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中的should有时可以省略。如：

If he make the design, he might do it in some other way.

要是他来搞这个设计，他可能用另外的方法设计。

Example:

If the sea ____ to rise 50 feet, India would become an island.

A. will B. is C. was D. were

If you ____ to see Mary, what would you tell her?

A. are B. will be going C. must D. were

We might still catch the train if we ___.

A. make hurry B. haste

C. make haste D. hastily

4.错综时间的虚拟语气

在一些含有虚拟语气的句子中，如果主句与从句的谓语表示不同的时间，虚拟语气可有不同形式，即主句与从句各自按自己的时间构成虚拟形式。例如：

If I had met him before, I could recognize him.要是我以前遇见过他，我就能认出他了。

（从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在或将来事实相反）

If we were driving at a speed of 100 Li an hour, we would have arrived there 2 hours ago. 如果我们的行车速度每小时100里，两小时以前我们就会到达那里了。

（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）

Example:

If you _____ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be sleepy.

A. haven’t watched

B. didn’t watch

C. hadn’t watched

D. wouldn’t have watched

5.省略连词if

在条件状语从句中，如果有were, should, had，可以把连词if 省去，把 were, should, had 放在句首，构成条件意义。例如：

Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do? 万一明天下雨，你怎么办？

Were there no friction, we could not walk. 要是没有摩擦力，我们就不能行走。

Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier.

如果我们过去知道这种新方法，我们早就应用了。

Example:

Had Alice been more hardworking, she _______.

A. had not failed B. would not fail

C. could not be failed D. would not have failed

_______ today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves

______ difficulties, we would be successful.

A. Should we overcome B. Would we overcome

C. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome

6.虚拟结构中省略主句或从句

虚拟结构中有时可省去主句或从句，并不影响意义的完整。

(1)省去条件从句

That would be fine. 那太好了。（省去了if you would come 或类似条件）

I wouldn’t pass up the chance to visit China. 我不会放弃访问中国的机会。

We might have produced more coal. 我们可能生产出更多煤炭。

注：省略条件句，在试题中很少见到。

(2)省去主句，常用以表示愿望。从句谓语多用过去时或过去完成时。

If only she were here. 假如她在这儿该多好啊！

If only he lived! 假如他活着该多好啊！

If only I had known it before. 如果我早先知道这件事，那就好了。

Example:

If only it _____! but it is too late.

A. is avoided B. has avoided

C. could be avoided D. can be avoided

If only everything _____ out as we wanted it to in life!

A. is working B. worked

C. works D. has worked

条件状语从句表示条件， 现将其在高考卷中的常见引导词介绍如下：

1. if 表示正面的条件， 意为“如果”； unless (=if not) 表示负面的条件， 意为“除非， 如果不”。例如： If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他， 他会帮助你。// If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。(本例句属于第8章中介绍过的以虚拟语气表示非真实条件句的情况。) // He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business. 他一定会来， 除非他有急事。

2. in case， on condition that， providing， provided (that)， supposing， suppose (that)等词汇意思相近， 指“假如， 假使， 在……条件下”(比if更为书面化)。例如： In case he comes, let me know. 如果他来的话， 告诉我一声。// I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow. 我将把我的字典给你， 如果你明天要还的话。 // I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid. 只要我的费用有人付， 我就去。 // Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not come, what shall we do? 他要是不来， 我们该怎么办？

3. as long as (=so long as) 表示充分必要条件， 引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时， 意为“只要”。例如： I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time. 只要及时告诉我， 我就会合作。 // You may use the book so long as you will return it on time. 只要你准时还， 你就可以借这本书。

〔考题1〕 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully. (2007上海)

A. though B. before C. until D. if

〔答案〕 D

〔解析〕 根据全句意思， “they are not managed carefully”应表示一种假设， 因此下划线处应选用if引导条件状语从句。

〔考题2〕 In time of serious accidents, ____ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. (2006重庆)

A. whether B. until C. if D. unless

〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。

〔考题3〕 I would appreciate it ____ you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment. (2003上海春)

A. until B. if C. when D. that

〔答案〕 B

〔解析〕 本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。

〔考题4〕 It is known to all that ____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health. (2005重庆)

A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if

〔答案〕 A

〔解析〕 本题应选意为“如果不， 除非”的unless表示假设。

〔考题5〕 Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ____ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest. (2007湖南)

A. why B. how C. unless D. where

〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 综合整句的意思， 下划线处应表示“除非……”含义的假设。

〔考题6〕 You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway. (2001上海春)

A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless

〔答案〕 D

〔解析〕 本题应选意为“如果不， 除非”的unless表示假设。注意： even if表示“即使”， as though表示“好像”， as long as表示“只要”， 填入下划线都讲不通。

〔考题7〕 John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ____ he phones. (2000北京、 安徽春)

A. as long as B. in order that

C. in case D. so that

〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 本题应选in case表示假设。注意： in order that， so that都表示目的， 不符合题干的语境； 题干中表示推测的“John may phone tonight.”表明说话人对约翰打电话过来没有太大的把握性， 不适合采用语气强烈的as long as表示假设。

〔考题8〕 — I’m afraid Mr. Wood can’t see you until 4 o’clock.

— Oh, ____ I won’t wait. (2005浙江)

A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way

〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 本题应选in that case表示假设。

〔考题9〕 ____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2003北京)

A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While

〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 本题应选意为“只要”的as long as表示语气强烈的假设。

英语从句类型总结

方式状语从句在高考中常见的引导词有表示“像……”的as和表示“好像……”的as if/as though,例如：Let’s study as Lei Feng studied.让我们像雷锋那样学习吧.// Think as I think.像我这样去想.// He talks as if/though he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他好像醉了.方式状语从句通常由as,(just) as…so…,as if,as though引导.1） as,(just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人.As water is to fish,so air is to man.我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水.Just as we sweep our rooms,so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西.2） as if,as though 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大.汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如：They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的.（与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气.） He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.他那样子就像被雷击了似的.（与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气.） It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来.（实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气.） 说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如：He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的.He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的.The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒.例题解析 ［考题1］ When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it ____.(1995) A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken ［答案］ C ［解析］ 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实情况或者是极有可能发生、 存在的情况时,as if/though引导的方式状语从句需用陈述语气形式.但表示所叙述的情况与事实相反时as if从句中应使用虚拟语气.注意比较以下两个例句：He walks as if he is drunk.He walks as if he were drunk.前一句表示“他已经醉了”,后一句则表示“他没有醉”.［考题2］ Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ____ yesterday.(2006) A.was happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened ［答案］ D ［解析］ as if后的谓语动词应采用一般过去时的形式与状语yesterday搭配,表示对现在真实情况的虚拟.

英语从句主要有三种类型，分别为定语从句（限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句）、状语从句（让步、时间、地点、方式等状语从句）和名词性从句（主语从句等）。 扩展资料

　一、定语从句

　在复合句中， 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。

　1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语， 如：This is the boy who often helps me.

　2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.

　3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语 ，如 ：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?

　4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：

　5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如：

　The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.

　6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如:

　I don't know the reason why he was late.

　This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.

　I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.

　注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用 that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)

　7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

　(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略。

　(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句，不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开， 关系代词用 which,不用that;指人时可用who,如 ：I have two brothers, who are both students.

　二、状语从句

　由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的'语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。

　1、时间状语从句

　表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等引导。

　When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.

　He started as soon as he received the news.

　Once you see him, you will never forget him.

　No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.

　2、原因状语从句

　原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。

　He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.

　As it is raining, I will not go out.

　Now that you mention it, I do remember.

　3、地点状语从句

　引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。

　Sit wherever you like.

　Make a mark where you have a question.

　4、目的状语从句

　引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。

　Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.

　She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.

　He left early in case he should miss the train.

　5、结果状语从句

　结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so that, such that等引导。

　She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting.

　He was so excited that he could not say a word.

　She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.

　6、条件状语从句

　条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。

　If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.

　You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.

　So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months.

　You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you dont go too far away from the river bank.

　If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.

　7、让步状语从句

　让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether or, no matter who (when, what, ) 等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。

　Though he is a child, he knows a lot.

　Child as he is, he knows a lot.

　Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, Ill never change my mind.

　8、方式状语从句

　方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。

　You must do the exercise as I show you.

　He acted as if nothing had happened.

　9、比较状语从句

　比较状语从句常用than, so (as) as, the more the more等引导。

　I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.

　He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.

　The busier he is, the happier he feels.

　三、名词性从句

　在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

　引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连词：that（无任何词意）；whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）；as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）。

　以上在从句中均不充当任何成分

　连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. Whichever, whomever

　连接副词：when, where, how, why

　具体分类

　1．主语从句

　作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：

　What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。

　Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。

　2．宾语从句

　名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

　（1） 由连接词that引导的宾语从句

　由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：

　He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

　（2）用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：

　I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。

　3．表语从句

　在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如：

　The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

　That's just what I want. 这正是我想要的。

　4． 同位语从句

　同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。例如：

　The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。

　I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。